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Lesson 8 Modal verbs Modal verb is a type of auxiliary verbs that is used to express: ability, possibility, permission or obligation. The modals in English are; · Can/could/be able to. · May/might · Shall/should · Must/have to/ought to · Will/would · Can/could, may/might – express possibility and permission. “Can” is used to say that something is possible. Example: cooking can be a real pleasure · You can read my book You use “cannot” or “can’t” to say that something is not possible Example: this cannot be the answer · You can’t be serious. · Can and could is also used to express ability and permission. Ability Example: he can dance kizomba really well. · He can speak French and English Permission Example: students you can go home now · You can take my pen · Could/might and may are used to indicate that you are not certain (sure) whether something is possible but you think is it Example: that could be the reason he is angry. · He might come today · They may help us with the cleanup · Must/ought to/should and will express possibility and certainty “Should or ought to” are used to say that something is probably true or will happen. Example: we should arrive home at 8:00 PM “Must” is used to say that something is true and you are sure Example: you must be Amina’s husband. “will” is used to say that something is certain to happen in the future. Example: next year I will have 35 years. · I’ll come tomorrow Exercises 1. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of can/could. Example: can I call you tonight? I. ___________ Tony run long distances? II. ___________ you please call a taxi for me. III. Students you ___________ go home now. 2. Fill the gaps with should/shouldn’t. Example: he shouldn’t encourage such a bad behavior. I. You _____________ brush your teeth. II. You _____________ put your feet on the table III. The government _________________ help poor people.